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Volume : V, Issue : VI, July - 2015

EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT- A STUDY

N. Ashamaran , None

By : Laxmi Book Publication

Abstract :

Empowerment improves the skill and knowledge of the employees. Organizations empower employees following some practices. These practices make them more empowered. The empowered employees feel more satisfied and more committed. The empowerment activities promote organizational performance. Most of the organizations are voluntarily involving in the activities of empowerment. Allowing the empowerment practices, they can gain more advantages from employees. This study provides several practices followed by organizations for empowering the employees. These practices are very essential to organizations to get benefit from the employees.

Keywords :


Article :


Cite This Article :

N. Ashamaran , None(2015). EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT- A STUDY. Indian Streams Research Journal, Vol. V, Issue. VI, http://isrj.org/UploadedData/6867.pdf

References :

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  2. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  3. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
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  7. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  8. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  9. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  10. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  11. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  12. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  13. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  14. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  15. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  16. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  17. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  18. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  19. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  20. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  21. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  22. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  23. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
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  26. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  27. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  28. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  29. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  30. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  31. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  32. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  33. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  34. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  35. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  36. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  37. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  38. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  39. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  40. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  41. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  42. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  43. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  44. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  45. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  46. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  47. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  48. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  49. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  50. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  51. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  52. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  53. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  54. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  55. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  56. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  57. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  58. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  59. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  60. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  61. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  62. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  63. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  64. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  65. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  66. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  67. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  68. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  69. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  70. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
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  73. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  74. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  75. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  76. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  77. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  78. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  79. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  80. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  81. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  82. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  83. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  84. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  85. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  86. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  87. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  88. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  89. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  90. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  91. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  92. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  93. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  94. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  95. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  96. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
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  98. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  99. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  100. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  101. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  102. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  103. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  104. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  105. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  106. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  107. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  108. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  109. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  110. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  111. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  112. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  113. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  114. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  115. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  116. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  117. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  118. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  119. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  120. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  121. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  122. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  123. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  124. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  125. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  126. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  127. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  128. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  129. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  130. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  131. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  132. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  133. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  134. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  135. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  136. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  137. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  138. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  139. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  140. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  141. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  142. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  143. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  144. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  145. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  146. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  147. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  148. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  149. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  150. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  151. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  152. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  153. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  154. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  155. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  156. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  157. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  158. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  159. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  160. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  161. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  162. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  163. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  164. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  165. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  166. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  167. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  168. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  169. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  170. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  171. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  172. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  173. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  174. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  175. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  176. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  177. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  178. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  179. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  180. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  181. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  182. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  183. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  184. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  185. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  186. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  187. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  188. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  189. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  190. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  191. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  192. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  193. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  194. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  195. Bagheri, G., Matin, H. Z., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Oranizaional Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) , 4 (2), 53-62.
  196. Conger, J. a., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process:Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy ol Management Review , 13 (3), 471-482.
  197. Erstad, M. (1997). Empowerment and organizational change. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 9 (7), 325–333.
  198. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  199. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  200. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  201. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  202. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  203. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  204. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  205. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  206. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  207. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.
  208. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  209. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  210. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  211. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  212. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  213. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  214. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  215. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  216. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  217. Amenumey, E. K., & Lockwood, A. (2008). Psychological climate and psychological empowerment: An exploration in a luxury UK hotel group. TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH , 8 (4), 265-281.
  218. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  219. Awamleh, N. A. (2013). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management , 5 (3), 313-319.
  220. Becker, B., Huselid, M., Pickus, P., & Spratt, M. (1997). HR as a source of shareholder value: research and recommendations. Human Resource Management , 36 (1), 39-47.
  221. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  222. Abraiz, A., Tabassum, T. M., Raja, S., & Jawad, M. (2012). EMPOWERMENT EFFECTS AND EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION. Academic Research International , 3 (3), 392-400.
  223. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  224. Bowen, D., & Lawler, E. (1992). The empowerment of Service workers : Whay, Why, How and When ? Sloan Management Review , 33, 31-39.
  225. Argyris, C. (1998, MAY– JUNE). Empowerment: The Emperor’s New Clothes. Harvard Business Review , 98-105.
  226. 1.A.Carless, S. (2004). Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate The Relationship Between Psychological Climate And Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business and Psychology , 18 (4), 405-425.

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