Indian Streams Research Journal

Volume : IV, Issue : IV, May - 2014

CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF TRIBAL WOMEN IN INDIA

Shivakumar S. Sangan, Suryakant S Sonnad

DOI : 10.9780/22307850, By : Laxmi Book Publication

Abstract :

At the dawn of Indian history women possessed a high social status and some of them were widely reputed for their learning. But the social, economic and political changes of later years levered their position and gradually denied them their right to education too. The social code for women, their early marriage and seclusion restricted their life t home by the end of the eighteenth century. But the Indian renaissance in the following period increasingly touched all aspects and problems of national life, position of women not exempted, till finally under the inspiring leadership of mahatma Gandhi it assumed the form of political struggle and social reforms in which women joined freely and shared equally with men the burdens and honors. With the coming of independence the constitution provided them equality f statues and greater opportunities and once again they looked forward to regaining their earlier pristine glory. The paper analysis cultural and educational status of tribal women in India.

Keywords :

• Women
• Tribal
• Education
• Cultural
• Women
• Tribal
• Education
• Cultural

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References :

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14. Ibid.
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16. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid. p.43
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20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
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80. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
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82. Ibid.
83. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
84. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
85. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
86. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
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88. Ibid. p.43
89. Ibid.
90. Ibid. p.43
91. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
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96. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
97. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
98. Ibid. p.43
99. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
100. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
101. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
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103. Ibid.
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106. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
107. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
108. Ibid. p.43
109. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
110. Ibid.
111. Op. Cit. No. 3
112. Op. Cit. No. 3
113. Ibid. p.43
114. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
115. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
116. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
117. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
118. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
119. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
120. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
121. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
122. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
123. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
124. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
125. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
126. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
127. Op. Cit. No. 3
128. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
129. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
130. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
131. Op. Cit. No. 3
132. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
133. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
134. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
135. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
136. Op. Cit. No. 3
137. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
138. Ibid. p.43
139. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
140. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
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142. Ibid. p.43
143. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
144. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
145. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
146. Ibid.
147. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
148. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
149. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
150. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
151. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
152. Ibid. p.43
153. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
154. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
155. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
156. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
157. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
158. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
159. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
160. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
161. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
162. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
163. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
164. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
165. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
166. Ibid.
167. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
168. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
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170. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
171. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
172. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
173. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
174. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
175. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
176. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
177. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
178. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
179. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
180. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
181. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
182. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
183. Ibid. p.43
184. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
185. Op. Cit. No. 3
186. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
187. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
188. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
189. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
190. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
191. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
192. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
193. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
194. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
195. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
196. Ibid.
197. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
198. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
199. Ibid.
200. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
201. Ibid.
202. Ibid. p.43
203. Ibid. p.43
204. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
205. Op. Cit. No. 3
206. Ibid. p.43
207. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
208. Ibid. p.43
209. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
210. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
211. Op. Cit. No. 3
212. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
213. Ibid.
214. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
215. Op. Cit. No. 3
216. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
217. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
218. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
219. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
220. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
221. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
222. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
223. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
224. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
225. Ibid. p.43
226. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
227. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
228. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
229. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
230. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
231. Ibid. p.43
232. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
233. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
234. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
235. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
236. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
237. Ibid.
238. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
239. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
240. Op. Cit. No. 3
241. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
242. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
243. Ibid. p.43
244. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
245. Ibid. p.43
246. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
247. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
248. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
249. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
250. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
251. Ibid. p.43
252. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
253. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
254. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
255. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
256. Ibid. p.43
257. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
258. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
259. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
260. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
261. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
262. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
263. Ibid. p.43
264. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
265. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
266. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
267. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
268. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
269. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
270. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
271. Ibid. p.43
272. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
273. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
274. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
275. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
276. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
277. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
278. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
279. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
280. Ibid. p.43
281. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
282. Ibid.
283. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
284. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
285. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
286. Ibid. p.43
287. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
288. Op. Cit. No. 3
289. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
290. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
291. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
292. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
293. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
294. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
295. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
296. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
297. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
298. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
299. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
300. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
301. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
302. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
303. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
304. Ibid. p.43
305. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
306. Ibid. p.43
307. Ibid.
308. Ibid.
309. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
310. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
311. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
312. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
313. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
314. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
315. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
316. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
317. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
318. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
319. Ibid.
320. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
321. Op. Cit. No. 3
322. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
323. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
324. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
325. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
326. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
327. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
328. Ibid.
329. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
330. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
331. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
332. Op. Cit. No. 3
333. Op. Cit. No. 3
334. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
335. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
336. Ibid. p.43
337. Ibid.
338. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
339. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
340. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
341. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
342. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
343. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
344. Op. Cit. No. 3
345. Op. Cit. No. 3
346. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
347. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
348. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
349. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
350. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
351. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
352. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
353. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
354. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
355. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
356. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
357. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
358. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
359. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
360. Indira Devi M. “Women Education Employment and Family Living- A Study of Emerging Hindu Wives in Urban
361. Vijay Kaushik et al., “Women power and Development “ in Encyclopedia of Human Rights and women’s Development
362. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
363. Ibid.
364. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
365. chatopadhyay, Kamala Devi, “Indian Women’s Battle for Freedom” Abhinav Publications, New Delhi, 1983.p.43.
366. Ibid.
367. Phadnis and Indira Malani, (ed), Vikas Publishing House. 1978.p.76.
368. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.
369. Manohar, Murali (Ed) “Women’s Status and Development in India”, SOWSTUD, And IIPA, Warangal, 1984.p.84.
370. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
371. Laxmi Devi, “Women in Medial India” Women and Development Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.p.9
372. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
373. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
374. vol. IV. New Delhi, SAVRP and Sons, 1996.p.56.
375. India” Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.p.40
376. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
377. Vina Muzumdar, “Towards Equality: Status of women in India” in women of the world, IIIusion, and Reality”, Urmila
378. Kumar Ashok, “ Indian Women towards 21st Century” Criterion publications, New Delhi, 1989. p.111
379. K. Manjula Devi “Rural Women: Poverty Alleviation programme” Anmol Publications, New Delhi, 1997.p.43.

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