Volume : IV, Issue : I, February - 2014 CHARACTERIZATION OF TEXTILE DYE EFFLUENT FROM KOMARAPALAYAM, NAMAKKAL DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA![](ArticleImage/4212.jpg) Rajaganesh K., Sumedha N. C and Ameer Basha. S By : Laxmi Book Publication Abstract : Effluents from textile industries contain different types of dyes, which consists of high
molecular weight and complex chemical structures, low level of biodegradability. Hence, direct
deposition of these effluents into the environment cause pollution particularly in aquatic ecosystem. In
this investigation, the physicochemical characteristics of the effluent samples were evaluated to
ascertain the efficiency of industry's waste water treatment process. Conventional methods were
employed for analysis of physicochemical parameters, while heavy metals in the effluent samples were
analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained from the physicochemical
analysis of all the samples of effluent indicated high temperatures, alkaline pH, foul smell and were
highly colored.TDS values in some samples were also very high. All the samples except one sample have
high BOD values. The COD values of all the samples were very high indicating high degree of pollution.
The results also showed elevated levels of inorganic ions. The concentrations of heavy metals namely Zn,
Cd and Pb also very high. Almost all the above characteristics of textile dye effluent have greater
variability compared with NEQS standard. Thus textile effluent is a major source of water pollution
which will affect the flora and fauna existing in such environments. This study anchors on the need for
treatment of textile effluent before discharged into the environment. Keywords : Article : Cite This Article : Rajaganesh K., Sumedha N. C and Ameer Basha. S(2014). CHARACTERIZATION OF TEXTILE DYE EFFLUENT FROM KOMARAPALAYAM, NAMAKKAL DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA. Indian Streams Research Journal, Vol. IV, Issue. I, http://isrj.org/UploadedData/4212.pdf References : - Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 3: 232-233
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 3: 232-233
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- 3: 232-233
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 3: 232-233
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- ed, APHA, New York
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 3: 232-233
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- 3: 232-233
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- 3: 232-233
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 3: 232-233
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 3: 232-233
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- 3: 232-233
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- 3: 232-233
- 3: 232-233
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 3: 232-233
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- 3: 232-233
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- 3: 232-233
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- 3: 232-233
- 3: 232-233
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 3: 232-233
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- 5(4): 696-705.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- 3: 232-233
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- 3: 232-233
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Prakashan, 47.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- 3: 232-233
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- 5(4): 696-705.
- 3: 232-233
- 5(4): 696-705.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 3: 232-233
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 3: 232-233
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 3: 232-233
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 18th
- Prakashan, 47.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- 5(4): 696-705.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Ademoroti, M.A., Ukponmwan, D.O., Omode, A.A (1992). Studies of textile effluent discharges in Nigeria. Environ. Stud,
- Toxicol. Oncol, 22 (2): 101–109.
- Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh, P.K., Sujatha, M (2008). Assessment of underground water
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Bakshi, D.K., Sharma, P (2003). Genotoxicity of textile dyes evaluated with Ames test and rec-assay. J. Environ. Pathol.
- Furness, R.W., Raibow, P.S (2005). Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 256.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- Kumar, A (1989). Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi, India. 29. Sofia Nosheen, Haq Nawaz and
- Khalil-Ur-Rehman. 2000. Physic-Chemical Characterization of effluents of local textile Hournal of Agricultural and Biology,
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- and AWWA, 20th Edition, USA.
- Control Fed, 54 (3): 292–297.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
- Irina-Isabella Savin, Romen Butnaru (2008). Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Finishing Mills, Environ. Eng. Manag.
- J., 7(6): 859-864.
- 5(4): 696-705.
- American Public Health Association (APHA) (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. WEF
- Chapman, P. M., Romberg, G. P., Vigers, G. A (1982). Design of monitoring studies for priority pollutants. J.Water. Pollut.
- 39 (4): 291–296
- Research Center, U.S.A, 106.
- De, A.K (2000). Environmental Chemistry. 4th ed., New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, 286.
- ed, APHA, New York
- contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamil Nadu. E.J. of Chem,
- Manivasakam, N (2000). Physicochemical Examination of Water and Sewage and Industrial Effluent. 2nd edn. Pragati
- Eisler, R (1993). Zinc Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report, Patuxent Wildlife
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