DOI Prefix : 10.9780 | Journal DOI : 10.9780/22307850
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Volume : V, Issue : VI, July - 2015

INTEGRATING CHANNEL CUT-OFF AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE: A CASE STUDY OF CHAKUNDI VILLAGE AMIDST THE CHAR- CHAKUNDI CUT-OFF OF RIVER BHAGIRATHI, WEST BENGAL

Aznarul Islam, NilkamalLaskar, SweetyNandy, PrasenjitGhosh and Momtahina Marufa

DOI : 10.9780/22307850, By : Laxmi Book Publication

Abstract :

Channel cut-off is a natural geomorphic phenomenon in the hydro-dynamics of a fluvial system. Cut-off not only affects the hydraulics of the river but the socio-economic landscape of a region. In the present paper sequential development of the Char-Chakundi cut-off of River Bhagirathi and its impact on cultural landscape of Chakundi Village of Nadia District, West Bengal has been portrayed. Landscape morphology of the Village has gone drastic changes after this cut-off. Formation of Char-Chakundi Cut off has made the Chakundi village an ‘Isolated State’surrounded by paleo-channel of River Bhagirathi. A village level perception survey establishes that out of eight socio-economic variables four variables viz. agriculture, fish catch, issue of social security and building quality have shown positive rating while the remaining four variables viz. recreation, transportation system, access to health and access to education facilities have shown negative rating in the post cut-off stage. This applied work is constituted by the integration of remote data and field data. This paper aims to improve integration between geomorphology and ‘landscape morphology’.

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Cite This Article :

Aznarul Islam, NilkamalLaskar, SweetyNandy, PrasenjitGhosh and Momtahina Marufa(2015). INTEGRATING CHANNEL CUT-OFF AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE: A CASE STUDY OF CHAKUNDI VILLAGE AMIDST THE CHAR- CHAKUNDI CUT-OFF OF RIVER BHAGIRATHI, WEST BENGAL. Indian Streams Research Journal, Vol. V, Issue. VI, DOI : 10.9780/22307850, http://isrj.org/UploadedData/6920.pdf

References :

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  42. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
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  61. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
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  77. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
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  87. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
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  95. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  96. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  97. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  98. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  99. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  100. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  101. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  102. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  103. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  104. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  105. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  106. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  107. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  108. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  109. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  110. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  111. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  112. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  113. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  114. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  115. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  116. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  117. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  118. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  119. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  120. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  121. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  122. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  123. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  124. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  125. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  126. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  127. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  128. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  129. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  130. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  131. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  132. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  133. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  134. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  135. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  136. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  137. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  138. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  139. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  140. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  141. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  142. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  143. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  144. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  145. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  146. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  147. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  148. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  149. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  150. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  151. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  152. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  153. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  154. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  155. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  156. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  157. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  158. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  159. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  160. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  161. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  162. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  163. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  164. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  165. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  166. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  167. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  168. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  169. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  170. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  171. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  172. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  173. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  174. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  175. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  176. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  177. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  178. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  179. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  180. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  181. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  182. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  183. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  184. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  185. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  186. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  187. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  188. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  189. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  190. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  191. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  192. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  193. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  194. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  195. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  196. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  197. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  198. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  199. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  200. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  201. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  202. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  203. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  204. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  205. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  206. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  207. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  208. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  209. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  210. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  211. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  212. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  213. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  214. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  215. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  216. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  217. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  218. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  219. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  220. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  221. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  222. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  223. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  224. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  225. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  226. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  227. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  228. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  229. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  230. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  231. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  232. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  233. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  234. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  235. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  236. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  237. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  238. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  239. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  240. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  241. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  242. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  243. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  244. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  245. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  246. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  247. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  248. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  249. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  250. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  251. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  252. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  253. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  254. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  255. Islam A. and Guchhait , S.K. (2014). Integrating channel instability, bank erosion and land use planning along the left bank of river Bhagirathi in Nadia District, West Bengal, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 34, pp. 11-26
  256. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  257. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  258. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  259. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  260. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  261. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  262. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  263. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  264. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  265. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  266. GOODBRED, S.L., JR., 2003, Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade: Sedimentary Geology, v. 162, p. 83–104.
  267. Leopold, L. B., Wolman, M. G., and Miller, J. P. (1964). Fluvial processes in geomorphology,
  268. Brice J.C., (1977), Lateral Migration of the Middle Sacramento River, California. U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations, pp 77-43
  269. KUEHL, S.A., HARIU, T.M., AND MOORE, W.S., 1989, Shelf sedimentation off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River system: Evidence for sediment bypassing to the Bengal fan: Geology, v. 17, p. 1132–1135.
  270. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  271. GOODBRED, S.L., 1999, Sediment dispersal and sequence development along a tectonically active margin: late Quaternary evolution of the Ganges–Brahmaputra River delta: Ph.D. Dissertation, College of William and Mary, 165 p.
  272. Kuhel, S.A., 2005, THE GANGES– BRAHMA PUTRA DELTA, River Deltas—Concepts, Models, and Examples, SEPM Special Publication No. 83,
  273. Islam, A. and Tarafder, S. (2012). Urban Morphology of an unplanned city: A Study on Krishnagar City, West Bengal, India, Practising Geographer, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.117-120
  274. Islam, A. (2012). Unstable River Bank and the Question of Social Stability: A Study on RukunpurMouza in C.D. Block Krishnagar II, Nadia, Journal of River Research Institute –River Behaviour and Control, Volume 32, pp. 53-65
  275. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  276. Lahiri-Dutt and Samanta (2013). Dancing with the River: People and Life on the Chars of South Asia, New Haven: Yale University Press.
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