DOI Prefix : 10.9780 | Journal DOI : 10.9780/22307850
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Volume : IV, Issue : VII, August - 2014

TOXICITYAND BIOACCUMULATION OF CADMIUM IN THE FISH, RASBORA - DANICONIUS

Monica K. Kale, None

DOI : 10.9780/22307850, By : Laxmi Book Publication

Abstract :

Among heavy metals cadmium is of great concern since it is more toxic to aquatic organism such as fishes etc. which are important components of food chain. The toxicity of cadmium to the fish Rasbora- daniconius for 24h was tested according to the OECD (1992) guidelines No. 203. The toxicity 24h (Lc5o) of cadmium chloride (Cdcl2 2 ^ H2O) was found to be 110 ppm for R- daniconius. Bioaccumulation of cadmium in gills, intestine and tail muscles of the fish R- daniconius was analyzed using Pc based AAS. The fishes were exposed to sub lethal concentration (20ppm) of cadmium chloride for 24h, 48h, 72h, and 96h. It was observed that the trend of degree of accumulation of cadmium in different tissues was as follows gills> intestine> muscles. Cadmium appeared to be toxic to fish

Keywords :


Article :


Cite This Article :

Monica K. Kale, None(2014). TOXICITYAND BIOACCUMULATION OF CADMIUM IN THE FISH, RASBORA - DANICONIUS. Indian Streams Research Journal, Vol. IV, Issue. VII, DOI : 10.9780/22307850, http://isrj.org/UploadedData/5145.pdf

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  226. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  227. 136, (26 Ref)
  228. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  229. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
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  246. 136, (26 Ref)
  247. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
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  249. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
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  251. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  252. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  253. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  254. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  255. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  256. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  257. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  258. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  259. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  260. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  261. estate NWFPPakistan.
  262. 255
  263. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  264. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  265. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  266. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  267. lead zinc smelter
  268. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  269. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  270. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  271. estate NWFPPakistan.
  272. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  273. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  274. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  275. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  276. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  277. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  278. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  279. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
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  281. 136, (26 Ref)
  282. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  283. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  284. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  285. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  286. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  287. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  288. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  289. lead zinc smelter
  290. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  291. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  292. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  293. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  294. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  295. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  296. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  297. 255
  298. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  299. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  300. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  301. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  302. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  303. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  304. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  305. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  306. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
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  323. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
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  329. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  330. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  331. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  332. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  333. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  334. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  335. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  336. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  337. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
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  342. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
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  349. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
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  359. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
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  362. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  363. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  364. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  365. lead zinc smelter
  366. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  367. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  368. estate NWFPPakistan.
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  370. technol. 8:115-119.
  371. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  372. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  373. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
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  385. technol. 8:115-119.
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  387. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  388. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  389. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
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  393. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  394. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  395. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  396. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
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  407. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
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  409. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  410. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  411. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  412. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  413. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  414. technol. 8:115-119.
  415. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  416. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  417. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  418. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  419. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  420. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  421. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  422. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  423. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  424. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  425. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  426. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  427. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  428. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  429. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
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  432. 136, (26 Ref)
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  434. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  435. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  436. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
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  439. 136, (26 Ref)
  440. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  442. 136, (26 Ref)
  443. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
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  459. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  460. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  461. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  462. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  463. estate NWFPPakistan.
  464. 255
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  473. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
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  476. 136, (26 Ref)
  477. lead zinc smelter
  478. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  479. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  480. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  481. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  482. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  483. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
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  485. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  489. 255
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  493. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  494. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  495. technol. 8:115-119.
  496. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  497. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  498. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  499. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  500. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  501. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  502. estate NWFPPakistan.
  503. 255
  504. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  505. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
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  507. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  508. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  509. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  510. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  511. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  519. 255
  520. estate NWFPPakistan.
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  522. estate NWFPPakistan.
  523. 255
  524. estate NWFPPakistan.
  525. 255
  526. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  527. technol. 8:115-119.
  528. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
  529. technol. 8:115-119.
  530. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
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  534. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  535. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  536. lead zinc smelter
  537. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  538. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  539. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
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  542. lead zinc smelter
  543. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
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  545. 255
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  547. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  548. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  549. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  550. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  551. estate NWFPPakistan.
  552. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  553. 255
  554. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
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  556. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  557. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  558. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  559. estate NWFPPakistan.
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  564. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  565. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  566. lead zinc smelter
  567. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  568. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  569. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  570. technol. 8:115-119.
  571. lead zinc smelter
  572. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  573. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  574. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  575. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  576. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  577. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
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  590. 136, (26 Ref)
  591. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  592. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  593. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  594. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  595. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  599. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
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  601. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
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  606. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  607. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  608. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  609. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  610. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  611. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  612. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  614. 136, (26 Ref)
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  620. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  621. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  635. lead zinc smelter
  636. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  637. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  638. estate NWFPPakistan.
  639. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  640. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  641. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  642. estate NWFPPakistan.
  643. 255
  644. 255
  645. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  646. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  647. estate NWFPPakistan.
  648. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
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  650. estate NWFPPakistan.
  651. 255
  652. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  653. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  654. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  655. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  656. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  657. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  658. technol. 8:115-119.
  659. estate NWFPPakistan.
  660. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  661. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  662. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  663. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  664. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  665. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  666. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  667. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  668. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
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  672. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  673. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
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  675. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  676. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  677. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  678. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  679. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  680. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  681. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  682. 136, (26 Ref)
  683. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  684. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  685. lead zinc smelter
  686. estate NWFPPakistan.
  687. 255
  688. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  689. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
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  691. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
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  695. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
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  702. 255
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  704. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  705. technol. 8:115-119.
  706. technol. 8:115-119.
  707. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  708. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  709. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  710. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  711. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
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  721. 136, (26 Ref)
  722. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  723. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  724. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  725. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  726. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  727. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  728. estate NWFPPakistan.
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  734. lead zinc smelter
  735. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  736. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  737. 136, (26 Ref)
  738. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  739. technol. 8:115-119.
  740. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  741. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  742. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  743. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  744. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  745. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
  746. technol. 8:115-119.
  747. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  748. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  749. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  750. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  751. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  752. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  753. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  754. estate NWFPPakistan.
  755. 255
  756. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  757. lead zinc smelter
  758. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  759. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  760. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  761. 136, (26 Ref)
  762. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  763. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  764. estate NWFPPakistan.
  765. 255
  766. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  767. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  768. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  769. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  770. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  771. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  772. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  773. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  774. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  775. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  776. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  777. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  778. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  779. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  780. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  781. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  782. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  783. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  784. technol. 8:115-119.
  785. estate NWFPPakistan.
  786. 255
  787. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  788. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  789. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  790. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  791. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  792. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  793. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  794. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  795. 136, (26 Ref)
  796. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  797. estate NWFPPakistan.
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  799. 255
  800. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  801. lead zinc smelter
  802. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  803. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  804. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  805. technol. 8:115-119.
  806. estate NWFPPakistan.
  807. 255
  808. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  809. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  810. lead zinc smelter
  811. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  812. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  813. estate NWFPPakistan.
  814. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  815. 255
  816. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  817. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  818. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  819. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  820. 136, (26 Ref)
  821. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  822. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  823. lead zinc smelter
  824. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  825. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  826. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  827. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  828. technol. 8:115-119.
  829. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  830. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  831. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  832. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  833. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  834. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  835. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  836. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  837. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  838. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  839. 136, (26 Ref)
  840. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  841. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  842. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  843. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  844. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  845. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  846. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  847. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  848. 136, (26 Ref)
  849. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  850. lead zinc smelter
  851. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  852. fish, Heteropneustesfossilis J. Env. Eco. 7(I):16-23
  853. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  854. (Pallas) in response to some heavy metal exposure. . J. Environ Bio.
  855. estate NWFPPakistan.
  856. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  857. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
  858. 255
  859. estate NWFPPakistan.
  860. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  861. 255
  862. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
  863. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  864. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  865. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  866. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  867. estate NWFPPakistan.
  868. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  869. 255
  870. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  871. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  872. estate NWFPPakistan.
  873. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  874. 255
  875. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  876. 136, (26 Ref)
  877. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  878. estate NWFPPakistan.
  879. mechanism of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.
  880. 255
  881. Growth, Metabolism and Productivity of Triticumaestivum and Viciafaba Plants.
  882. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  883. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  884. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  885. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  886. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  887. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  888. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  889. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  890. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  891. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  892. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  893. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  894. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  895. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  896. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  897. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  898. 136, (26 Ref)
  899. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  900. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  901. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  902. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  903. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  904. 136, (26 Ref)
  905. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  906. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  907. 136, (26 Ref)
  908. Meyer and Nelson (1980) 7thedn. McMillan New York 123-147
  909. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  910. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  911. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  912. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  913. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  914. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  915. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  916. USFDA 1993 United States food and drug administration, center for food safety and applied nutrition guidance
  917. mossambicus (tilapia) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 2003 oct. 56(2) 218-21
  918. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  919. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  920. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  921. documents for cadmium in shellfish
  922. Kumar et.al (2008) Accumulation pattern of cadmium in tissues of Indian catfish clariasbatrachus. Animnut.feed
  923. estate NWFPPakistan.
  924. 255
  925. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  926. Canli et.al. (2001) Bull Environ ContamToxical 65:580-586
  927. Saxena and Garg (2010) Vitamin E provides protection against in vitro oxidative stress due pesticides
  928. 136, (26 Ref)
  929. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
  930. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  931. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  932. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  933. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  934. estate NWFPPakistan.
  935. 255
  936. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  937. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  938. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  939. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  940. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  941. lead zinc smelter
  942. Shukry et.al (2001) Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 4:1153-1159 - Effect of Industrial Effluents Polluting the River Nile on
  943. Shukla et al. (2001) effect of toxicants on the intestine transport in fishes Himalayan J. Env. Zoo 15(2)(2001) 129-
  944. Swarup et.al. (2006) Small Ruminant. Res. 63:309-313 Deficiency of copper and cobalt in goals reared around
  945. Ahmed et.al (2002) Asian J. Plant Sci. 1:70-72 Monitoring and wastewater quality of Gadoonamazai industrial
  946. 7.KalaiselviPet. Al. (2010) Impact of Industrial Effluents in seed invigoration: A review Asian J. Plant Sci. 9:249-
  947. Finney (1952) Probit analysis Cambridge University Press, London pp.33-3
  948. Mungikar AM (1997) SaraswatiPubli. Aurangabad
  949. Shinde V R (2004) Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish Notopterusnotopterus
  950. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  951. Shandilya, S.; Banerjee, V. (1989) Effect of Sublethal toxicity zinc and chromium on peripheral hemogram in the
  952. Zyadah and Abdel (2000) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper zinc and cadmium in some aquateic organism.
  953. Pinot F. et al (2000) - Rev Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep; 15(3):299-323 Cadmium in the environment, sources,
  954. (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan) in goat RBC.. GERF Bull. Bio. Sci, 1(1): 1-6
  955. Bull. Environ, contamToxicol. 64:740-747
  956. Basha P S (2003) Cadmium induced antioxidant defense mechanism in freshwater teleost achromous
  957. lead zinc smelter
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