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Volume : III, Issue : IV, May - 2013 MIRZA GHALIB'S POETRY, ART AND PHILOSOPHY BILAL AHMAD DAR DOI : 10.9780/22307850, Published By : Laxmi Book Publication Abstract : Urdu poetry gained immense popularity in the eighteenth century when Urdu
replaced Persian as the major language of the Indian sub-continent. It is during this time
that Urdu language emerged out of an interaction between Persian and Khadi Boli
which was being used between Delhi and Agra. Urdu became a means of literary
expression by the end of the seventeenth century. During the eighteenth century Urdu
flourished well but it was in the nineteenth century that Urdu came to its perfection in the
works of Mir, Sauda, Zauq, Momin and Ghalib. Among these poets it was Ghalib in
particular whose work had a huge impact and led a drastic revolution in Urdu poetry.
Ghalib is a classical Urdu and Persian poet from India during British colonial rule. He is
considered, in South Asia, to be one of the most popular and influential poets of the Urdu
language. Ghalib today remains popular not only in India but also amongst various
communities across the globe. Many of his well-known 'Ghazals' have been sung and
recorded by numerous performers in India and Pakistan. Poetry was his passion and his
work revolves around wanting to create the perfect form and structure. He is one of the
founders of the modern Urdu short lyric known as the “Ghazal”. Although he wrote in
several genres, his Ghazals have been generally been the best received of his works. He
received little recognition in his lifetime, but with the passage of time he has been
acknowledged as an absolute master of his art! His poetry has an irrresistable charm
and beauty. It has wit, irony and a wealth of human experience. His diction is sweet and
simple but pregnant with meaning that it lends itself to multiple interpretations! This is
the hallmark of a true genius. Adept at expressing highly subtle and complex thoughts
and emotions within the space of two lines, Ghalib's poetry has the rare virtue of
appealing directly to the heart as well as providing much food for thought. He was a poet
whose sole aim was to give aesthetic satisfaction. Unlike Allama Iqbal and many Sufi and
Bhakti poets, he was not a poet with a message. Reading his poetry is a journey whose
destination is not already known. Besides the Ghazal (ode), he wrote with a facile pen:
Marsiya (elegy), Qaseedah (encomium), Tehniyat-namah (epithalamium) and Epistles.
He also wrote poetry that was sometimes lyrical, sometimes argumentative. Keywords : Article : Cite This Article : BILAL AHMAD DAR, (2013). MIRZA GHALIB'S POETRY, ART AND PHILOSOPHY. Indian Streams Research Journal, Vol. III, Issue. IV, DOI : 10.9780/22307850, http://oldisrj.lbp.world/UploadedData/2333.pdf References : - Ghalib : The Man, The Times, by Pavan K. Varma, Penguin Books India, 2008
- Ghalib : A Critical Appreciation of His Life and Urdu Poetry by Syed Abdul Latif, Ghalib Institute, 2002
- John Keats and Mirza Ghalib (A Comparative Study as Poets) by Z.Hasan, ABD Publishers, 2009
- Ghazals of Ghalib : versions from the Urdu Edited by Aijaz Ahmad, Oxford University Press, 1995
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